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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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00004_Field_frep139.txt
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1996-12-30
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71 lines
We can see better
evidence for the brain's
complexity in the
interconnections between its
cells. A typical nerve cell in the
brain receives information
from hundreds or thousands of
other nerve cells and in turn
transmits information to
hundreds or thousands of other
cells. The total number of
interconnections in the brain
should therefore be somewhere
around 1014 to 1015, a larger
number, to be sure, but still not
a reliable index of complexity.
Anatomical complexity is a
matter not just of numbers;
more important is intricacy of
organization, something that is
hard to quantify. One can draw
analogies between the brain
and a gigantic pipe organ,
printing press, telephone
exchange, or large computer,
but the usefulness of doing so is
mainly in conveying the image
of a large number of small parts
arranged in precise order,
whose functions, separately or
together, the nonexpert does
not grasp. In fact, such
analogies work best if we
happen not to have any idea
how printing presses and
telephone exchanges work. In
the end, to get a feeling for
what the brain is and how it is
organized and handles
information, there is no
substitute for examining it, or
parts of it, in detail. My hope in
this text is to convey some
flavor of the brain's structure
and function by taking a close
look at the part of it concerned
with vision.
The questions that I will
be addressing can be simply
stated. When we look at the
outside world, the primary
event is that light is focused on
an array of 125 million
receptors in the retina of each
eye. The receptors, called rods
and cones, are nerve cells
specialized to emit electrical
signals when light hits them.
The task of the rest of the
retina and of the brain proper is
to make sense of these signals,
to extract information that is
biologically useful to us. The
result is the scene as we
perceive it, with all its
intricacy of form, depth,
movement, color, and texture.
We want to know how the brain
accomplishes this feat.